Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 6 de 6
Filter
1.
Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; 60(1): 92-101, mar. 2022. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1388423

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Se señala la importancia de reconsiderar el trabajo de Pierre Janet en trauma y amnesia disociativa, como elementos importantes en el estudio actual del trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT). Los objetivos de esta revisión histórica no sistemática y comparativa son: a) explicar, desde la perspectiva de Janet: el concepto de Idea Fija, que hoy denominamos trauma b) describir los diferentes tipos de amnesia en las cuales se basa el DSM para su clasificación actual y c) a través de un caso clínico descrito por Janet, mostrar su concordancia con lo que actualmente diagnosticamos como TEPT complejo, que denominó en su época: "una de las formas que puede tomar la histeria después de un accidente emocional". Esta revisión se basa principalmente en algunos capítulos originales de Janet publicados en Francés.


The present article gives emphasis in reconsidering the work of Pierre Janet in trauma and dissociative amnesia, as important aspects for the contemporary study of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The purpose of this non systematic historical review is to explain the following ideas under Janet´s perspective: a) the concept of fixed idea, denominated in our contemporary nomenclature as trauma, b) to describe the different types of amnesia described by Janet and its relation with DSM clasiffication for this penomenon, and c) to show through the analysis of a clinical case described by Janet, how a concordance exists between the current denomination of complex PTSD and what Janet nominated "one of the forms in which hysteria can presents after an emotional accident". This article is mainly based in some original chapters from Janet´s work published in French.


Subject(s)
Humans , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic , Dissociative Disorders , Amnesia/history
2.
Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; 58(3): 270-278, set. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1138581

ABSTRACT

Resumen En el presente reporte se destaca la importancia de explicar y conocer los orígenes del concepto de "Función de lo real" en la perspectiva de Janet. Esto, dadas sus aplicaciones actuales en el estudio del trastorno obsesivo compulsivo, las psicosis, el trastorno por estrés postraumático y los síntomas disociativos. Se define la "Función de lo real" como la aprehensión de la realidad en todas sus formas, por percepción y acción, que modifica todas las demás operaciones psicológicas. Es entonces el resultados de tres operaciones psicológicas principales, que se encuentran dentro de una jerarquía de funciones organizadas y unidas por la tensión psicológica. Como eje teórico central, es la debilidad de dicha tensión lo que provoca un deterioro de estas operaciones y una pérdida de la función de lo real, originando variados síntomas. El deterioro de dichas operaciones y los síntomas derivados son: La acción voluntaria que lleva a conductas compulsivas. La percepción con creencia reflexiva conduce a síntomas obsesivos y la creencia aseverativa a síntomas psicóticos. Personificación y presentificación, relacionada con lo que actualmente denominamos trauma y síntomas disociativos.


In the following report the author remarks the importance of explaining and knowing the origins of the concept of "Function of the real" in Janet's perspective. The importance of shed some light on this concept derives from its current applications in the study of obsessive compulsive disorder, psychosis and post-traumatic stress disorder and dissociative symptoms. The "Function of the real" or "Reality function" is defined as the apprehension of reality in all its forms. It is the result of three main psychological operations, which are within a hierarchy of functions organized and united by a property called "psychological tension". The weakness of this tension causes a deterioration of these operations and a loss of the reality function causing, as a consequence, various symptoms. The affected operations and the derived symptoms are: The voluntary action that leads to compulsive behaviors. Perception with reflective belief, which conduces to obsessive symptoms, assertive belief and psychotic symptoms. Personification and presentification, related to what we now call trauma and dissociative symptoms.


Subject(s)
Humans , Perception , Psychotic Disorders , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic , Compulsive Behavior , Dissociative Disorders , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
3.
Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; 56(3): 161-168, 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-978083

ABSTRACT

Resumen Se destaca la importancia de conocer los orígenes del concepto de disociación en la perspectiva de Janet, dadas sus aplicaciones actuales en el estudio y tratamiento del trauma y el trastorno por estrés postraumático, entre otros temas similares. El objetivo principal de esta revisión es explicar, desde la perspectiva de Pierre Janet, el concepto de disociación en relación a: ideas fijas; estrechamiento del campo de la conciencia y debilidad de la síntesis mental. Se resume, una breve biografía de Pierre Janet, mencionando el legado y aplicaciones actuales de su psicología y psicopatología. Se describen los síntomas neurológicos funcionales, denominados en su época como histeria, desde donde surge en parte el concepto de disociación, estos son: parálisis, contracturas y anestesias, describiendo el diagnóstico del síntoma histérico a diferencia del síntoma orgánico. Podemos condensar lo referido en la siguiente definición: "disociación, es la pérdida de síntesis y asociación de las funciones psicológicas, las que se alejan de la consciencia y son relegadas al subconsciente, situaciones que ocurren debido a un estado emotivo o en forma espontánea… esto permite alejar de la conciencia dicho estado, el que es representado en variados síntomas".


In the following article the author remark the importance of recognizing the ogirin of Pierre Janet's concept of dissociation. This, due to the relevance of these ideas for the study and treatment of trauma and post traumatic stress disorder, among other pathologies. The main objective of this text is explaining from Janet's perspective, the concept of dissociation and its relation with the following concepts: "fixed ideas", "narrowed field of consciousness" and "weakness of mental synthesis". The article include a brief biography of Pierre Janet, making special emphasis in his legacy and contemporary clinical applications of his psychology and psychopathology. Furthermore, functional neurological symptoms are described. Those clinical manifestations were named in Janet's time as "hysteria", concept that could be traced historically as the starting point for the concept of dissociation. These functional symptoms are (among others): paralysis, muscular contractures and body parts anesthesia; conceptually differentiating functional symptoms from organic symptoms. An interesting form of summarising the concepts of this article is using Janet's words: "Dissociation is the lost of synthesis and association of psychological functions, displacing them away from explicit consciousness and relegating these functions to the subconscious, situations that occurring due to an emotional state or in an spontaneous way … this process facilitates the separation of the emotional states from consciousness, making possible the representation of emotions in physical symptoms".


Subject(s)
Humans , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Psychopathology , Association , Unconscious, Psychology , Conscience , Consciousness , Dissociative Disorders
4.
Estud. pesqui. psicol. (Impr.) ; 13(1): 320-376, jan.-abr.2013.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-756292

ABSTRACT

Este trabalho ocupa-se, em detalhes, com a célebre crítica de Janet à psicanálise, de 1913. Em primeiro lugar, detém-se em seus antecedentes,particularmente no período 1893-1895, no que se produziram os primeiros intercâmbios entre Janet e Freud. Em segundo lugar, reconstrói-se o contexto dessa crítica: o Congresso Internacional de Medicina de Londres, tendo em conta o lugar que Janet e Freud ocupavam nesse momento no plano internacional. Em terceiro lugar, examina-se a crítica em si, questionando as interpretações estabelecidas sobre o tema. Finalmente,avalia-se o impacto dessa crítica no período 1913-1915, a partir de suapublicação em cidades tão distintas como Londres, Boston, Paris, Viena e LaPlata. Por outra parte, no plano conceptual, este trabalho destaca aespecificidade dos termos “análise psicológica” e “subconsciente”, queerroneamente costumam opor-se, de maneira simétrica, à psicanálise e aoinconsciente freudiano...


This paper deals with Janet’s famous critique of psychoanalysis, of 1913. Inthe first place, it looks into its background, particularly the period 1893- 895, in which the earliest exchanges between Janet and Freud took place. Secondly, it reconstructs the context of that critique: the International congress of Medicine held in London, trying to take into account the place that Janet and Freud occupied at the time in the international sphere.Furthermore, the critique itself is examined in detail, questioning established interpretations on the subject. Finally, an assessment of the impact of that critique is provided, paying attention to its publication, between 1913 and 1915, in cities as different as London, Boston, Paris, Vienna and La Plata. In addition, on a theoretical level, this paper points out the specificity of terms such us “psychological analysis” and “subconscious”, that have mistakenlybeen opposed, in a symmetrical manner, to psychoanalysis and Freudianunconscious...


Subject(s)
Psychoanalysis , Psychology/history , Unconscious, Psychology
5.
Hist. ciênc. saúde-Manguinhos ; 17(supl.2): 421-430, dez. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-578715

ABSTRACT

Analisa a categoria médica da psicastenia, utilizada no fim do século XIX e início do século XX pela psiquiatria francesa. São apresentadas as características do quadro clínico bem como as principais hipóteses explicativas para os sintomas sustentadas por Pierre Janet, principal nome ligado à sistematização dessa categoria nosológica. É discutido ainda o modo como esse diagnóstico foi utilizado no Brasil, e as suas relações com o quadro da neurastenia no contexto da psiquiatria brasileira.


The article analyzes the medical category of psychasthenia, used by French psychiatry from the late nineteenth through the early twentieth centuries. It describes the clinical profile of psychasthenia and the main hypotheses meant to account for symptoms as defined and advanced by Pierre Janet, the central figure in systematization of this category. The article also looks at how this diagnosis was used in Brazil and how it related to the profile of neurasthenia within the context of Brazilian psychiatry.


Subject(s)
Humans , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Psychiatry/history , Neurasthenia , Neurasthenia/diagnosis , Phobic Disorders , Brazil , Mental Fatigue , Obsessive Behavior
6.
Rev. latinoam. psicopatol. fundam ; 11(2): 301-309, jun. 2008.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-488309

ABSTRACT

Pierre Janet constrói uma obra de grande prestígio e repercussão no campo da psicologia e da psicopatologia. Baseada na hipótese de que o psiquismo não é em si mesmo unitário, mantendo-se integrado pela ação de uma força interna de síntese de seus diversos elementos ideativos e afetivos, sua teoria psicopatológica examina os fatores que podem conduzir a sua ruptura e conseqüente dissociação. A histeria constitui, aos olhos do cientista francês, o protótipo mesmo da situação psicopatológica em que elementos que deveriam permanecer "inconscientes", ou seja, como meros panos de fundo do funcionamento mental, adquirem autonomia e acesso mórbido à consciência do sujeito.


Pierre Janet construye una obra de gran prestigio y repercusión en el campo de la psicología y de la psicopatología. Basada en la hipótesis de que el psiquismo no es en sí mismo unitario, manteniéndose integrado por la acción de una fuerza interna de síntesis de sus diversos elementos ideativos y afectivos, su teoría psicopatológica examina los factores que puedan conducir a su ruptura y consecuente disociación. La histeria constituye, a los ojos del científico francés, el prototipo mismo de la situación psicopatológica en que elementos que deberían permanecer "inconcientes", o sea, como mero telón de fondo del funcionamiento mental, adquieren autonomía y acceso mórbido a la conciencia del sujeto.


Pierre Janet a construit une oeuvre de grand prestige et répercussion sur le champ de la psychologie et de la psychopathologie. Fondée sur l'hypothèse selon laquelle le psychisme n'est pas unitaire, mais qu'il reste intégré par l'action d'une force interne de synthèse des différents éléments idéatifs et affectifs, sa théorie psychopathologique porte sur les facteurs capables de produire la rupture et, par conséquent, la dissociation du fonctionnement mental. L'hystérie constitue à ses yeux le prototype même de la situation psychopathologique dans laquelle des éléments mentaux qui devraient rester "inconscients", c'est-à-dire, comme simple fond du fonctionnement psychique, deviennent autonomes et, par là, ils ont accès morbide à la conscience du sujet.


Pierre Janet wrote works of great prestige and repercussion in the field of psychology and psychopathology. His theory of psychopathology is based on the hypothesis that the mental apparatus is not really a unit. It is rather held together by the action of an internal force that synthesizes its diverse cognitive and emotional elements. In his article Janet examines factors that can lead to the breakdown and consequent dissociation of this apparatus. In his view, hysteria is a true prototype of the psychopathological situation where elements that should remain "unconscious," that is, that should serve as mere background for mental functioning, acquire autonomous and morbid access to the consciousness of the subject.


Subject(s)
Psychiatry , Psychology , Hysteria , Unconscious, Psychology
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL